结垢对于油气田开采、注水及排水工艺的实施危害极大。碳酸盐垢是油气田开发生产中最常见的无机垢，研制新型碳酸盐垢防垢剂，有极重大的理论和实际意义。本文采用马来酸酐、乙醇胺、丙烯酸以及次亚磷酸钠为原料，按照一定的配比，采用自由基水溶液聚合，制备出膦基PTA-AA共聚物防垢剂。利用正交试验和单因素分析方法，研究了反应条件(反应时间、反应温度、反应物配比等)对产品防垢性能的影响；采用红外光谱法表征了产品的分子结构；探讨了防垢剂加量、防垢温度、防垢时间、溶液pH值、溶液矿化度等因素对产品防碳酸钙垢性能的影响，以及防垢剂对碳酸镁垢、碳酸钡垢的防垢性能。 Scale formation does great harm to the implementation of the technology of waterflooding and dewatering in the oil-gas field development. Carbonate scale is the most common inorganic scale during the production operation. There is great theoretical and practical significance in developing advanced carbonate scale inhibitor. Maleic anhydride, ethanolamine, acrylic acid and NaH2PO2？H2O are selected as the monomers of polymerization reaction to synthetise the phosphono-PTA-AA copolymer scale inhibitors by free radical initiated aqueous system polymerization. The effects of scale inhibition performance of the polymer inhibitors on different synthetic conditions (reaction time, reaction temperature, reactant ratio etc.) are discussed by means of the single factor expe-rimental technique and the orthogonal test. The molecular structures of the polymer inhibitors are ascertained through infrared absorption spectrum method. The functioning factors of scale inhibition performance about carbonate (calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate and barium carbonate) scale such as the dose of the scale inhibitors, evaluation temperature and time, the pH of the liquor system and the salinity are discussed.
