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冰川冻土  2015 

新疆车尔臣河流域水域的宏观变化及其影响和驱动因素

DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2015.0055, PP. 480-492

Keywords: 车尔臣河流域,土地覆被,变化检测,水域变化,新疆

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Abstract:

利用植被指数和水体指数作为判断参数决策树,在FAO/UNEP土地覆被分类系统(LCCS)的三级分类基础上建立了以固态/液态水域为主的土地分类系统,从1990年、2000年和2010年的Landsat影像中提取整个车尔臣河流域土地覆被信息并分析了土地覆被变化.结果表明车尔臣河流域水域在2000-2010年变化速度高于1990-2000年,其中,湖泊面积及数量增加较为突出.各种水域中,冰川及多年积雪面积迅速减少,2010年海拔5000m以下冰川积雪在流域内所有冰川积雪中所占比例由1990年的38.8%减少到5.4%;有水河道面积及数量在缓慢减少;湖泊面积和数量大幅增加,2010年湖泊面积比1990年多5倍,而且新增的湖泊均在平原区.在气候以及水域变化的影响下,流域内自然植被覆盖地在山区和平原区都在持续增加,而荒漠在减少,山地自然植被覆盖地增加速度高于平原区.在流域尺度上,人文因素对土地覆被变化的影响低于自然因素.

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