全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

The Safety of Systemic Treatments That Can Be Used for Geriatric Psoriasis Patients: A Review

DOI: 10.1155/2012/367475

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

Background. Patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis are often treated with systemic immunosuppressant agents that decrease immune system function. For the elderly, these medications are often problematic due to their already immunosuppressed state and comorbidities. However, there are few studies examining the effects of these medications on the elderly age group. Therefore, there is often discomfort among dermatologists treating elderly patients with psoriasis in utilizing systemic agents, frequently resulting in inadequate treatment. Objective. We review the safety profiles of systemic treatments often used to treat psoriasis and their possible adverse risks to the geriatric population. Methods. We conducted a search of PubMed’s Medline database of articles published from 2000 to 2011, which resulted in 14 articles. Conclusion. Treating geriatric patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis remains a challenge due to immunosenescence and comorbidities. More studies focusing on psoriasis treatment safety in the geriatric population are needed. 1. Introduction Psoriasis is a chronic, debilitating skin disease that affects approximately 2.6% of the general population [1]. Patients with psoriasis develop erythematous, scaly, and well-demarcated plaques that are often pruritic and can be painful. Due to its chronic nature, psoriasis increasingly affects the geriatric population. A US study in 1991 reported that the highest rate of psoriasis, 113/100,000 population, occurred in the 60- to 69-year age group [2]. With the growing geriatric population expected to compose 25% of the US population by 2020, the prevalence of psoriasis is also expected to rise [3]. There are two key challenges for treating an older patient with psoriasis. The first key challenge involves the already immunosuppressed state of the elderly, also known as immunosenescence. Immunosenescence is a term that describes the immunosuppressed state of the elderly due to natural aging [4]. This is due to a marked decrease in T-cell function with aging as well as other age-related changes in innate immunity [5]. As a result of immunosenescence, the elderly are at a higher risk than younger age groups to develop cancer, infectious disease, neurodegenerative disease, and chronic inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis. However, immunosuppressive therapies are considered the mainstay for managing psoriasis and make up the majority of systemic psoriasis treatments. The second key problem in treating geriatric patients with psoriasis is that the elderly often have comorbid illnesses that can

References

[1]  J. Koo, “Population-based epidemiologic study of psoriasis with emphasis on quality of life assessment,” Dermatologic Clinics, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 485–496, 1996.
[2]  L. M. Bell, R. Sedlack, C. M. Beard, H. O. Perry, C. J. Michet, and L. T. Kurland, “Incidence of psoriasis in Rochester, Minn, 1980–1983,” Archives of Dermatology, vol. 127, no. 8, pp. 1184–1187, 1991.
[3]  R. A. Norman, Diagnosis of Aging Skin Disease, Springer, London, UK, 2008.
[4]  T. Fül?p, A. Larbi, K. Hirokawa et al., “Immunosupportive therapies in aging,” Clinical Interventions in Aging, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 33–54, 2007.
[5]  S. Vasto, M. Malavolta, and G. Pawelec, “Age and immunity,” Immunity and Ageing, vol. 3, article 2, 2006.
[6]  I. Solovic, M. Sester, J. J. Gomez-Reino et al., “The risk of tuberculosis related to tumour necrosis factor antagonist therapies: a TBNET consensus statement,” European Respiratory Journal, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 1185–1206, 2010.
[7]  C. A. Hage, S. Bowyer, S. E. Tarvin, D. Helper, M. B. Kleiman, and L. J. Wheat, “Recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of histoplasmosis complicating tumor necrosis factor blocker therapy,” Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 85–92, 2010.
[8]  R. S. Wallis, “Biologics and infections: lessons from tumor necrosis factor blocking agents,” Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, vol. 25, pp. 895–910, 2011.
[9]  M. J. Perez-Sola, J. Torre-Cisneros, B. Perez-Zafrilla, L. Carmona, M. A. Descalzo, and J. J. Gomez-Reino, “Infections in patients treated with tumor necrosis factor antagonists: incidence, etiology and mortality in the BIOBADASER registry,” Medicina Clínica, vol. 137, no. 12, pp. 533–540, 2011.
[10]  S. K. Okada and J. N. Siegel, “Risk of serious infections and malignancies with anti-TNF antibody therapy in rheumatoid arthritis,” Journal of the American Medical Association, vol. 296, no. 18, pp. 2201–2202, 2006.
[11]  K. Reich, R. G. Langley, M. Lebwohl et al., “Cardiovascular safety of ustekinumab in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis: results of integrated analyses of data from phase II and III clinical studies,” British Journal of Dermatology, vol. 164, no. 4, pp. 862–872, 2011.
[12]  J. B. Galloway, K. L. Hyrich, L. K. Mercer et al., “Anti-TNF therapy is associated with an increased risk of serious infections in patients with rheumatoid arthritis especially in the first 6 months of treatment: updated results from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register with special emphasis on risks in the elderly,” Rheumatology, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 124–131, 2011.
[13]  R. Fleischmann, S. W. Baumgartner, M. H. Weisman, T. Liu, B. White, and P. Peloso, “Long term safety of etanercept in elderly subjects with rheumatic diseases,” Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 379–384, 2006.
[14]  G. Militello, A. Xia, S. R. Stevens, and A. S. Van Voorhees, “Etanercept for the treatment of psoriasis in the elderly,” Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 517–519, 2006.
[15]  Adalimumab [package insert], North Chicago , Ill, USA, 2002, http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2002/adalabb123102LB.htm.
[16]  Infliximab [package insert], Janssen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 2010, http://www.remicade.com/remicade/assets/HCP_PPI.pdf.
[17]  Ustekinumab [package insert], Janssen Biotech, Horsham, Pa, USA, 2011, http://www.drugs.com/pro/stelara.html.
[18]  Etanercept [package insert], Amgen,Thousand Oaks, Calif, USA, 1998–2011, http://pi.amgen.com/united_states/enbrel/derm/enbrel_pi.pdf.
[19]  P. Falck, A. ?sberg, K. T. Byberg et al., “Reduced elimination of cyclosporine a in elderly (>65 Years) kidney transplant recipients,” Transplantation, vol. 86, no. 10, pp. 1379–1383, 2008.
[20]  I. S. Grozdev, A. S. Van Voorhees, A. B. Gottlieb et al., “Psoriasis in the elderly: from the Medical Board of the National Psoriasis Foundation,” Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, vol. 65, pp. 537–545, 2011.
[21]  G. M. Fairris, A. G. Dewhurst, J. E. White, and M. J. Campbell, “Methotrexate dosage in patients aged over 50 with psoriasis,” British Medical Journal, vol. 298, no. 6676, pp. 801–802, 1989.
[22]  M. J. Boffa and R. J. G. Chalmers, “Methotrexate for psoriasis,” Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 399–408, 1996.
[23]  S. Hsu, K. A. Papp, M. G. Lebwohl, et al., “Consensus guidelines for the management of plaque psoriasis,” Archives of Dermatology, vol. 148, pp. 95–102, 2012.

Full-Text

comments powered by Disqus

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133