Aims. FSSG {frequency scale for the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)} was developed as a diagnostic tool for dysmotility and acid reflux symptoms. We first used FSSG to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for dysmotility and acid reflux symptoms and overlap of the two symptoms in a Japanese population. Methods. A cross-sectional survey was performed in Japanese underwent the routine medical examination. Dysmotility and acid reflux symptom were diagnosed by using FSSG. Subjects met both criteria were considered as overlap group. Results. Among 778 subjects, 395 persons were included in the final analyses. Dysmotility symptoms were found in 32.6% and acid reflux symptoms in 20.5%. Their overlap was found in 13.9% of all 395 subjects, which in 42.6% of dysmotility symptoms and 67.9% of acid reflux symptoms. Multiple logistic analysis showed that female gender was significantly associated with dysmotility symptoms compared with controls. Female gender, smoking, and hiatus hernia were significantly associated with overlap. Smoking was significantly associated with overlap compared with dysmotility symptoms alone and acid reflux symptoms alone. Conclusions. Overlap between dysmotility and acid reflux symptoms was common in Japan. Smoking was an independent risk factor for overlap among two symptoms. 1. Introduction Dyspepsia such as dysmotility and epigastric pain and acid reflux symptoms including heartburn are common gastrointestinal symptoms and major symptoms for functional dyspepsia (FD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in general population [1, 2]. Several studies showed that there is a significant overlap between dyspepsia and acid reflux symptoms [1, 3, 4]. As disturbances of gastrointestinal sensory and motor function are commonly accepted as the underlying pathogenesis of both dyspepsia and acid reflux symptoms, it is possible that the overlap induces by common risk factors. However, the risk factors for overlap of dyspepsia and acid reflux symptoms have not been enough elucidated. Regarding dyspepsia, dysmotility symptoms are the major type in Japan [5, 6]. In 2004, Kusano et al. developed a screening tool for dysmotility symptoms and acid reflux symptoms, named frequency scale for the symptoms of GERD (FSSG) [7]. Although several studies reported the usefulness of FSSG regarding GERD [7, 8], there is no epidemiological study examined the prevalence of dysmotility symptoms by using FSSG. Recently, many reports have shown that metabolic risk factors including obesity were related with gastrointestinal diseases
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