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香港气溶胶光学厚度与PM10质量浓度的季节变异及相关性

, PP. 444-454

Keywords: 可吸入颗粒物,(PM10),气溶胶光学厚度,经验模分解,趋势变化

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Abstract:

?利用经验模分解方法,分析了香港地区2005~2011年期间经垂直标高订正后的气溶胶光学厚度(AOD/Hi)与湿度订正后的可吸入颗粒物(PM10×f(RH))在半年、年和长期趋势等不同时间尺度上的变化特征及相关性.结果表明:香港地区AOD/Hi与PM10×f(RH)均存在显著的半年和年周期振荡,其中半年的峰值分别出现在3月和10月.受沙尘天气以及内陆污染物输送的影响,二者的半年振荡的第一个峰值的振幅均值都显著高出10月,是一年中污染最为明显的时期;年周期尺度上,二者的变化过程与年降雨量和太阳总辐射呈负相关关系,表现为冬季高夏季低,其中峰值都出现在2月前后,相比沙尘天气促成的半年振荡的第一个峰值提前发生一个月左右,其振幅均值仅为半年振荡的第一个峰值的一半.长期趋势上,2005~2011年间二者整体呈现显著的下降趋势,其中PM10×f(RH)下降速率达到平均每年14mgm-3,归因于大气颗粒物浓度的下降以及对二氧化硫等气溶胶颗粒物排放的控制.AOD/Hi与PM10×f(RH)的回归分析显示二者在半年和年时间尺度上的相关性(0.67和0.79)均超过95%置信度检验.下降趋势上存在明显的非线性关系,当AOD/Hi不超过0.44的范围时,PM10×f(RH)的下降速率慢于AOD/Hi的下降速率,但在超过0.44时,PM10×f(RH)的下降速率明显高于AOD/Hi.上述结果表明AOD/Hi能够反映出香港地面站点污染物监测数据PM10×f(RH)在半年、年周期以及长期趋势上的变化特征,可用于分析评价香港地区的空气质量状况.

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