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动力统计相结合的未来30年东亚气温年代际预测

, PP. 402-413

Keywords: 东亚表面气温,年代际预测,年代际内部变率,人类强迫

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Abstract:

?基于实际气候主要由气候系统自然变率和外强迫影响二者叠加而形成的认识,利用统计和动力相结合的方法对东亚表面气温(EATs)未来30年的演变进行了预测.关于自然变率部分,利用1901~1999年的观测资料,通过计算海温模态与EATs内部变率(EATs_int)的超前-滞后相关,选取几个主要海温模态作为预测因子,建立了EATs_int年代际内部变率的多元线性回归模型.首先对2000~2005年进行了后报检验,发现该模型有较好的预测能力.于是,根据海温模态的准周期性,利用该模型对未来30年进行了预测试验,得到了内部变率的预测结果.关于外强迫影响部分,利用参与政府间气候变化专门委员会第5次评估报告的19个耦合模式的历史试验和21世纪RCP4.5情景的预估结果,通过二阶拟合,得到EATs相对于1970~1999年的趋势变化(即外强迫的影响信号).将得到的内部变率和趋势进行叠加,形成最后的预测结果(Re_EATs).该结果显示:在2010~2040年,温度将呈波动性变化,其中在2015~2030年缓慢降温,之后开始上升.将这一结果与第五期耦合模式相互比较计划(CMIP5)的年代际预测进行对比,发现它与多数单个模式得到的预测结果及多模式预测集合平均的结果定性一致,表明利用统计和动力相结合的方法来预测东亚气温具有一定的合理性.

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