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桐柏-红安造山带的构造演化:从大洋俯冲/增生到陆陆碰撞

, PP. 1088-1108

Keywords: 大洋俯冲,增生,大陆俯冲,碰撞,桐柏-红安造山带

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Abstract:

?桐柏-红安造山带位于秦岭与大别-苏鲁造山带之间,因其完好地保存了古生代增生造山体系和古生代末-中生代碰撞造山体系而成为了解华北-华南陆块之间构造演化的关键地区.近20年来的可利用研究资料表明,桐柏-红安造山带显生宙的总体构造演化框架包括以下4个主要阶段:(1)早古生代(490~420Ma)大洋俯冲、岛弧增生与弧陆碰撞,从而于早古生代末在华北陆块南缘形成一个新的安第斯型大陆边缘;(2)晚古生代(340~310Ma)大洋俯冲与增生,进而在商丹-松扒断裂南侧形成变质时代相同,但变质作用类型不同的“双变质带”,即被分割的武关-龟山中级变质杂岩带和熊店高压榴辉岩带;(3)晚古生代末-早中生代(255~200Ma)大陆俯冲与陆陆碰撞,通过华南大陆岩板东深西浅的俯冲和多层次拆离/折返形成桐柏高压变质地体和红安高压/超高压变质地体;(4)晚中生代(140~120Ma)伸展、大规模岩浆侵位与构造挤出,造成桐柏-红安-大别高压/超高压变质地体最终出露地表及东宽西窄的构造格局.然而,对每一构造演化阶段的具体细节以及早期地质历史的认识方面还存在着诸多争议和(或)难以解释的问题.未来的研究除在桐柏-红安造山带继续开展深入细致的工作外,还需与西部“软碰撞”的秦岭造山带和东部“硬碰撞”的大别-苏鲁造山带的研究紧密结合,以期建立适合于整个秦岭-桐柏-红安-大别-苏鲁造山带从古生代到中生代的经典构造演化模型.

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