Amiot R, Wang X, Zhou Z H. 2011. Oxygen isotopes of East Asian dinosaurs reveal exceptionally cold Early Cretaceous climates. Proc Natl Acad Sci, 108: 5179-5183
[34]
Bell C D, Soltis D E, Soltis P S. 2010. The age and diversification of the angiosperms re-revisited. Amer J Botany, 97: 1296-1303
[35]
Brandl R, Mann W, Sprintzl M. 1992. Estimation of the monocot-dicot age through tRNA sequences from the chloroplast. Proc Royal Soc London Ser B, 24: 13-17
[36]
Brenner G J. 1996. Evidence for the earliest stage of angiosperm pollen evolution: A paleoequatorial section from Israel. In: Taylor D W, Hickey L J, eds. Flowering Plant Origin, Evolution and Phylogeny. London: Chapman & Hall. 91-115
[37]
Chen P J, Shi Z L, Ye N, Ye D Q. 1998. Sungari biota and Cretaceous stratigraphic sequence of NE China. Acta Palaeontol Sin, 37:380-385
[38]
Clarke J T, Warnock R C M, Donoghue P C J. 2011. Establishing a time-scale for plant evolution. New Phytol, 192: 266-301
[39]
Couper R A. 1958. British Mesozoic microspores and pollen grains. A systematic and stratigraphic study. Palaeontographica B, 103:4-6
[40]
Crane P R, Friis E M, Pedersen K R. 1995. The origin and early diversification of angiosperms. Nature, 374:27-33
[41]
Dilcher D L. 2007. An early infructescence Hyrcantha decussate (comb. nov.) from the Yixian Formation in northeastern China. Proc Natl Acad Sci, 104: 9370-9374
[42]
Doyle J A, Donoghue M J. 1986. Seed plant phylogeny and the origin of angiosperms: An experimental cladistic approach. Botan Rev, 52: 321-431
[43]
Doyle J A. 2011. Molecular and Fossil Evidence on the Origin of Angiosperms. Ann Rev Earth Planet Sci, 40: 301-326
[44]
Feild T S, Arens N C, Doyle J A, Dawson T E, Donoghue M J. 2004. Dark and disturbed: A new image of early angiosperm ecology. Paleobiology, 30: 82-107
[45]
Friis E M , Pedersen K R, Crane P R. 1999. Early angiosperm diversification: The diversity of pollen associated with angiosperm reproductive structures in Early Cretaceous floras from Portugal. Ann Missouri Botan Garden, 86: 259-296
[46]
Gerta K. 2008. Cretaceous climate, volcanism, impacts, and biotic effects. Creataous Res, 29: 754-771
[47]
He H Y, Wang X L, Zhou Z H, Jin F, Wang F, Yang L K, Ding X, Boven A, Zhu R X. 2006. 40Ar/39Ar dating of Lujiatun Bed (Jehol Group) in Liaoning, northeastern China. Geophys Res Lett, 33: L04303
[48]
Heimhofer U, Hochuli P. 2010. Early Cretaceous angiosperm pollen from a low-latitude succession (Araripe Basin, NE Brazil). Rev Palaeobot Palynol, 161: 105-126
[49]
Hou L H, Zhou Z H, Martin L D, Feduccia A. 1995. A beaked bird from the Jurassic of China. Nature, 377: 616-618
[50]
Hughes N F. 1994. The enigma of angiosperm origin. In: Cambridge Paleobiology Series. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
[51]
Hughes N F, McDougall A B. 1987. Records of angiospermid pollen entry into the English Early Cretaceous succession. Rev Palaeobot Palyno, 50: 255-272
[52]
Li J G, Batten D J. 2007. Palynological evidence of an Early Cretaceous age for the Yixian Formation at Sihetun, western Liaoning, China. Cretaceous Res, 28: 333-338
[53]
Li W B, Liu Z S. 1994. The Cretaceous palynofloras and their bearing on stratigraphic correlation in China. Cretaceous Res, 15: 333-365
[54]
Li W B, Liu Z S. 1999. Sporomorph assemblage from the basal Yixian Formation in western Liaoning and its geological age. Palaeoworld, 11: 68-79
[55]
Magallón S. 2010. Using fossils to break long branches in molecular dating: a comparison of relaxed clocks applied to the origin of angiosperms. Syst Biol, 59: 384-399
[56]
Martin W, Gierl A, Saedler H. 1989. Molecular evidence for pre-Cretaceous angiosperm origins. Nature, 339: 46-48
[57]
Martin W, Lydiate D, Brinkmann H, Forkmann G, Saedler H, Cerff R. 1993. Molecular phylogenies in angiosperm evolution. Moler Biol Evol, 10: 140-162
[58]
Pestchevitskaya E B. 2007. Lower Cretaceous biostratigraphy of Northern Siberia: Palynological units and their correlation significance. Russian Geol Geophys, 48: 941-959
[59]
Svivastava S K. 1978. Cretaceous spore-pollen floras: A global evoluation. Biol Mem, 3: 2-120
[60]
Srivastava S K. 1981. Evolution of Upper Cretaceous phytogeoprovinces and their pollen flora. R Palaeobot Palynol, 35: 155-173
[61]
Svivastava S K. 1983. Cretaceous phytogeoprovinces and paleogeography of the Indianplate based on palynological data. Indian Ass Palynostrat Lucknow, 11: 141-157
[62]
Smith S A, Beaulieu J M, Donoghue M J. 2010. An uncorrelated relaxed-clock analysis suggests an earlier origin for flowering plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci, 107: 5897-5902
[63]
Sun G, Dilcher D L, Zheng S L, Zhou Z K. 1998. In search of the first flower: A Jurassic angiosperm, Archaefructus, from Northeast China. Science, 282: 1692-1695
[64]
Sun G, Ji Q, Dilcher D L, Zheng S L, Nixon K, Wang X F. 2002. Archaefructaceae, a new basal angiosperm family. Science, 296: 899-904
[65]
Sun G, Dilcher D L, Zheng S L. 2008. A review of the recent advances in the study of early angiosperms from northeastern China. Paleoworld, 17: 166-171
[66]
Sun G, Dilcher D L, Wang H S, Chen Z D. 2011. A eudicot from the Early Cretaceous of China. Nature, 471: 625-628
[67]
Swisher C C, Wang Y Q, Wang X L, Xu X, Wang Y. 1999. Cretaceous age of the feathered dinasaoures of Liaoning, China. Nature, 400: 58-61
[68]
Wolfe K H, Gouy M, Yang Y W, Sharp P M, Li W H. 1989. Date of the monocotdicot divergence estimated from chloroplast DNA sequence data. Proc Natl Acad Sci, 86: 6201-6205
[69]
Zavada M S. 2007. The identification of fossil angiosperm pollen and its bearing on the time and place of the origin of angiosperms. Plant Syst Evol, 263: 117-134
[70]
Zhang M Z, Dai S, Pan B T, Wang L B, Peng, S X, Wang, H W, Zhang X. 2014. The palynoflora of the Lower Cretaceous strata of the Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin in North China and their implications for the evolution of early angiosperms. Cretaceous Res, 48: 23-38
[71]
Zhang L D, Guo S Z, Zhang C J, Peng Y D, Jia B, Chen S W, Xing D H, Ding Q H, Wang X F, Gu F. 2002. Discovery of fossil dinosaurs in the basal and lower beds of Yixian formation, western Liaoning Province, China. Geol Resour, 11: 9-15