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地理学报  2015 

老挝北部刀耕火种农业变化及植被恢复效应

DOI: 10.11821/dlxb201504007, PP. 591-603

Keywords: 刀耕火种农业,时空变化,轮歇周期,利用频率,植被恢复,老挝北部

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Abstract:

基于“3S”技术研究了老挝北部1990-2011年刀耕火种农业时空变化的总体特征及其不同阶段土地利用变化、刀耕火种农业土地利用强度(利用频率、轮歇周期)及其对休耕期次生林自然恢复过程的影响。结果表明①1990-2011年,刀耕火种农业总体上呈增加趋势,由15.38万hm2增加到了23.84万hm2,增幅为54.98%;刀耕火种农业的增加主要发生在波乔省南部和琅勃拉邦省,减少主要发生在丰沙里省。②刀耕火种农业主要分布在海拔高度500~1500m、坡度10°~30°的地区,增加主要发生在海拔高度500~800m、300~500m和800~1000m的地区,以及坡度10°~20°和20°~30°的地区。刀耕火种农业的地类转变方向主要是有林地,转入和转出率均高达80%。③2000-2011年,老挝北部刀耕火种农业的利用频率约为2~3次,时间间隔1~7年不等;轮歇周期有所缩短,变化幅度不大。④老挝北部刀耕火种农业的休耕期次生林自然恢复状况与轮歇周期关系显著,二者相关系数为0.9698。当轮歇周期长达10年时,次生林能够恢复到该区域有林地NDVI的平均水平。

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