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塔里木沙漠公路防护林土壤水分特征曲线模型分析与比较

, PP. 985-993

Keywords: 土壤水分特征曲线,压力膜仪,VG模型,Gardner模型,塔里木沙漠公路防护林

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Abstract:

应用压力膜仪对塔里木沙漠公路防护林地0~150cm范围的土层进行土壤水分特征曲线的脱水试验,并选取Gardner模型和VG模型对实测数据进行了拟合分析与比较。结果表明:(1)实测的土壤水分特征曲线可准确地反映土壤结构的差异性,各土层的曲线特征与其基本物理性质一一对应,即容重较小、粉粘粒含量较多的土层其持水性较强,饱和含水率和凋萎含水率也较高;物理性差异小的土层间,其土壤水力性质接近。(2)由VG模型得到的土壤饱和含水率均值为0.429cm3·cm-3,凋萎含水率均值为0.040cm3·cm-3。由Gardner模型得到的各土层由于各层的物理性状差异造成持水性由强到弱,依次为0~5cm,40~60cm,100~150cm,60~100cm,5~40cm;土壤易效水与难效水的平均临界点水势值为1.5×105Pa,均值凋萎含水率对应的水势值为15.0×105Pa。以上结果均较符合砂质土地的实际情况。(3)两种模型均可用于拟合防护林沙质土的土壤水分特征曲线,但VG模型在低吸力段的拟合精度较高,Gardner模型在中吸力段的拟合精度稍高,整体上,VG模型的模拟效果优于Gardner模型。旨在揭示高矿化度咸水滴灌条件下塔里木沙漠公路防护林不同土层的土壤水分曲线特征及其最优拟合模型,为之后开展区域水盐运移数值模拟等研究提供理论依据。

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