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工程力学  2015 

基于精确爆破载荷分析的安全距离判据

DOI: 10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2014.03.0248, PP. 123-129

Keywords: 隧道工程,毫秒延时爆破,爆破动力载荷,FLAC3D,安全判据

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Abstract:

爆破振动灾害严重威胁着爆破振动场内既有构筑物的安全及稳定。然而,由于毫秒延时爆破的振动载荷表征复杂,若采用简化的三角形或者梯形动力载荷进行分析,与实际的工程情况差异显著。基于对爆破孔内爆破压力变化、炮孔体积扩张、围岩裂隙发展、爆破气体运动等的分析,建立起爆破动力载荷随时间变化的精确数学模型;在远场爆破振动分析时,统一理论下各个爆破孔的动力载荷,其规律满足圣维南定理,因此,可将每分段内各孔的爆破载荷等效为其作用区域上的均布载荷,毫秒延时爆破问题就转化为一个等效边界问题;最后通过有限元数值模拟软件FLAC3D建立三维隧道模型,代入物理力学参数、传播及衰减规律参数以及动力载荷模型,预测峰值速度曲线,与现场实际监测数据进行对比分析,确定数值模拟的准确性,并结合预测的有效应力曲线计算得出爆破安全判据公式。

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