SOMMER M. Influence of soil pattern on matter transport in and from terrestrial biogeosystems-A new concept for landscape pedology[J]. Geoderma, 2006, 133(1/2): 107-123.
MENG L, DING W X, CAI Z C. Long-term application of organic manure and nitrogen fertilizer on N2O emissions, soil quality and crop production in a sandy loam soil[J]. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2005, 37(11): 2037-2045.
[4]
DING W X, YAGI K, CAI Z C, et al. Impact of long-term application of fertilizers on N2O and NO production potential in an intensively cultivated sandy loam soil[J]. Water, Air, Soil & Pollution, 2010, 212(1/4): 141-153.
WANG C H, WAN S Q, XING X R, et al. Temperature and soil moisture interactively affected soil net N mineralization in temperate grassland in Northern China[J]. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2006, 38(5): 1101-1110.
[8]
DORGE J. Modelling nitrogen transformations in freshwater wetlands. Estimating nitrogen retention and removal in natural wetlands in relation to their hydrology and nutrient loadings[J]. Ecological Model, 1994, 75-76: 409-420.
[9]
DOWNING J A, MCCLAIN M, TWILLEY R, et al. The impact of accelerating land-use change on the N-Cycle of tropical aquatic ecosystems: Current conditions and projected changes[J]. Biogeochemistry, 1999, 46(1/3): 109-148.
VITOUSEK P M, HOWARTH R W. Nitrogen limitation on land and in the sea: how can it occur?[J]. Biogeochemistry, 1991, 13(2): 87-115.
[14]
GALLOWAY J N, SCHLESINGER W H, LEVY Ⅱ H, et al. Nitrogen fixation: anthropogenic enhancement-environmental response[J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 1995, 9(2): 235-252.
[15]
WEDIN D A, TILMAN D. Influence of nitrogen loading and species composition on the carbon balance of grasslands[J]. Science, 1996, 274(5293): 1720-1723.
[16]
MITSCH W J, GOSSELIN J G Wetlands[M]. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company Inc, 2000: 89-125.
AULAKH M S, DORAN J W, MOSIER A R. Soil denitrification-significance, measurement, and effects of management[M]//STEWART B A. Advances in Soil Science. New York: Springer, 1992, 18: 1-57.
[21]
STRAUSS E A, DODDS W K. Influence of protozoa and nutrient availability on nitrification rates in subsurface sediments[J]. Microbial Ecology, 1997, 34(2): 155-165.
[22]
BIANCHI M, FELIATRA, LEFEVRE D. Regulation of nitrification in the land-ocean contact area of the Rh?ne river plume (NW Mediterranean)[J]. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 1999, 18: 301-312.
[23]
ERIKSSON P G, SVENSSON J M, CARRER G M. Temporal changes and spatial variation of soil oxygen consumption, nitrification and denitrification rates in a tidal salt marsh of the Lagoon of Venice, Italy[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2003, 58(4): 861-871.
DI H J, CAMERON K C, MCLAREN R G. Isotopic dilution methods to determine the gross transformation rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur in soil: a review of the theory, methodologies, and limitations[J]. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 2000, 38(1): 213-230.
[37]
RVTTING T, MVLLER C. 15N tracing models with a Monte Carlo optimization procedure provide new insights on gross N transformations in soils[J]. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2007, 39(9): 2351-2361.
HART S C, NASON G E, MYROLD D D, et al. Dynamics of gross nitrogen transformations in an old-growth forest: the carbon connection[J]. Ecology, 1994, 75(4): 880-891.
[40]
KIRKHAM D, BARTHOLOMEW W V. Equations for following nutrient transformations in soil, utilizing tracer data[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1954, 18(1): 33-34.
[41]
MARY B, RECOUS S, ROBIN D. A model for calculating nitrogen fluxes in soil using 15N tracing[J]. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 1998, 30(14): 1963-1979.