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地缘合作中的陆疆跨境生态安全及调控

DOI: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2015.05.009, PP. 606-616

Keywords: 跨境生态安全,国际河流,“一带一路”,地缘合作

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Abstract:

新世纪以来,随着经济全球化和区域地缘政治经济合作的加强,世界各国的持续发展不仅日益高度依存,相互间对资源与环境的竞争也日益加剧,使跨境资源和环境因素的影响渗入到国家安全、国际经济和贸易等各个层面。在此背景下,毗邻国家间围绕国际河流开发的地缘合作发展最为迅速,导致陆疆跨境生态安全问题突出,广受关注。本文从跨境水资源利用、沿边境土地变化特征、生物跨境入侵等方面系统分析了中国地缘合作中的主要陆疆跨境生态安全问题及其研究进展,总结了基于水、陆生态系统跨境生态安全科学调控的主要机制与成效。结果表明陆疆跨境生态问题呈现出以跨境水问题为核心,土地等自然资源利用、动植物保护与生物入侵防控、灾害监测与预防等多方面多层次发展的态势,跨境问题与全球变化相互交织,在某些区域呈现加剧的趋势。创新安全理念,进行深度地缘合作已成为应对跨境生态安全问题主流思维。本文结合“推动共建丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路的愿景与行动”,从“一带一路”沿途跨境水安全、入境河流水安全污染、流域环境风险以及大型工程的交互影响等方面展望了未来需要重点加强研究和调控的陆疆跨境生态安全问题。

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