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接种固氮菌Klebsiellasp.120对甘蔗光合特性和主要矿质营养元素含量的影响

DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2015.0222, PP. 467-474

Keywords: 甘蔗,联合固氮菌,光合特性,矿质营养

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Abstract:

【目的】甘蔗是最重要的糖料和能源作物,生物量大,产量高,但大量氮肥的使用不仅增加了甘蔗的种植成本,而且对农田环境造成了污染。发挥与甘蔗联合固氮的生物固氮菌的作用,是降低甘蔗氮肥施用量的方法之一。Klebsiellasp.120是从广西种植的甘蔗体内分离到的具有固氮能力的菌株。为了探讨该菌对甘蔗的促生效应及其在甘蔗上的应用潜能,本文研究了接种该固氮菌对甘蔗光合特性及矿质元素含量的影响。【方法】采用桶栽方法,在甘蔗的分蘖期用接种菌株淋浇4个不同甘蔗品种的根际,在处理后的30d和60d取样分析该菌对甘蔗的光合生理和矿质营养元素含量的影响。【结果】接种菌株对4个甘蔗品种的叶绿素含量和净光合速率有一定的促进作用,但不同品种之间存在差异。处理30d后,淋浇固氮菌处理的甘蔗品种ROC22的叶绿素含量明显提高,比对照增加23%。另外3个甘蔗品种(B8、GT21和GT28)处理组的叶绿素含量均有一定的提高,但与对照相比差异不显著。处理30d后,只有ROC22和B8品种的净光合速率高于对照,且ROC22品种处理与对照间的差异达到了显著水平。处理60d后,4个甘蔗品种的净光合速率均高于处理30d,而且各品种接种处理均高于对照,其中以对ROC22和GT21的促进效果最为明显,达到了显著水平。接种处理对不同甘蔗品种的营养元素含量影响不同,接种处理对4个甘蔗品种叶片中的氮元素含量有促进作用,其中对ROC22的促进效果最为明显,接种处理比对照增加59.8%。接种固氮菌对甘蔗叶片磷和钾元素含量的影响不明显。接种固氮菌对4个甘蔗品种叶片的铁、锰元素含量的影响不明显;ROC22叶片中的锌含量及ROC22和B8叶片中的铜含量接种处理与对照相比显著提高。【结论】接种Klebsiellasp.120固氮菌对甘蔗光合特性及矿质元素含量的影响与甘蔗品种有关,其中对ROC22品种的促生效果最为明显。研究结果可为固氮菌株Klebsiellasp.120在甘蔗上的进一步应用提供参考依据。

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