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动态低照度环境中公路合理行车速度确定方法

, PP. 105-111

Keywords: 交通工程,车速限制,时间感知试验,识认时间,驾驶人,交通安全

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Abstract:

?为合理确定动态低照度时公路行车速度限值,保障低照度环境时的公路行车安全,设计实车试验研究环境照度及速度变化耦合影响驾驶人视觉机能的规律。分析了环境照度、行车速度对驾驶人识别不同颜色目标物识认时间的影响,构建了行车速度、动态低照度和识认时间感知关系度量模型,并结合驾驶人反应制动停车视距模型,考虑速度离散对驾驶人的影响,给出了低照度下公路合理行车速度确定方法及建议值。结果表明:驾驶人对红、绿目标物识认时间有一定差异性,红色目标物在低照度环境下的识认性优于绿色;低照度环境时应依据照度变化进行公路合理行车速度限制,且需考虑限速的平顺过渡,在设计停车视距为110m的公路上,照度为200~500lx时,建议限速为70km·h-1;照度为200lx以下,建议限速为60km·h-1;在设计停车视距为75m的公路上,照度为200~500lx时,建议限速为50km·h-1;照度为200lx以下,建议限速为40km·h-1。

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