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货运站场选址分配问题的两阶段决策优化:以中国延安为例

, PP. 102-114

Keywords: 交通工程,选址分配,遗传算法,随机规划,场景分析,容量受限

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Abstract:

?研究了一种货运站场的选址分配问题,它是一类容量受限且需求随机的多设施选址问题。针对该问题提出一种两阶段决策优化方法:第1阶段为选址决策,发生在站场实际建设前;第2阶段为分配决策,发生在站场建设后、实际运营前。选址和分配2个阶段在模型求解时同步完成。基于场景规划理论建立了对应的容量受限型数学模型,该模型的建设费用和运营费用同站场容量成比例,同时约束条件考虑了规划的阶段性需求,更贴近实际情况。设计了采用符号编码策略的遗传算法,算法的编码方式不仅极大缩小了搜索规模和计算复杂度,而且能消除很多遗传算法的实施限制。针对中国的一个国家级枢纽规划问题,应用两阶段优化方法,基于实际统计数据,建立具体的数学模型并运用所设计的算法进行求解,得到不同场景下的选址分配结果,给出了相应的情况分析。

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