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番茄枯萎病菌和青枯病菌拮抗细菌的评价

, PP. 353-361

Keywords: 番茄枯萎病菌,番茄青枯病菌,拮抗细菌,筛选,防效

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Abstract:

为筛选出对番茄枯萎病和青枯病有较好防效的生防菌,采用平板对峙法,以番茄枯萎病菌Fusariumoxysporum和番茄青枯病菌Ralstoniasolanacearum为靶标菌,从江苏沭阳、宿迁、溧水及内蒙古海拉尔分离到的2062株细菌菌株中筛选拮抗菌株,并采用平板对峙法、拮抗菌液灌根法、分子生物学方法进行拮抗物质检测、盆栽试验及种属鉴定.结果表明:从2062株细菌中共筛选到21株对番茄枯萎病和青枯病具有很强拮抗作用的菌株,均能分泌蛋白酶,具有解磷作用;不能分泌几丁质酶和纤维素酶,仅4株细菌能分泌嗜铁素.拮抗细菌SY290对番茄枯萎病和番茄青枯病防效最高,分别达到74.2%和75.0%,SQ728和LS536次之,但防效均大于60%.结合各菌株形态特征、16SrDNA与gyr-B序列分析结果,菌株SY177、SY290和SQ728鉴定为解淀粉芽胞杆菌Bacillusamyloliquefaciens,菌株LS536为枯草芽胞杆菌B.subtilis.

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