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基于月尺度马尔科夫模型的塔河流域洪旱灾害研究

DOI: 10.13577/j.jnd.2015.0107, PP. 46-54

Keywords: 概率分布函数,枯水预测,月马尔科夫模型,塔里木河流域

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Abstract:

基于月尺度马尔科夫链模型,系统研究了塔河流域各洪旱状态之间的转移概率、期望停留时间和平均首达时间,在此基础上,预测了未来该流域洪旱灾害状态发生的概率风险。研究表明:(1)塔河流域丰水月和枯水月变化显著,其中,阿拉尔4-9月份枯水发生平均概率最高,大山口枯水发生概率最低;(2)塔河流域10月至次年3月连续枯水频率最高,而开都河流域连续丰水事件发生频率最高,表明该流域有较大的大旱或大涝风险;(3)丰水事件重现期低值主要集中在开都河和阿克苏河,而和田河和叶尔羌河丰水事件重现期较高;(4)塔河流域4-5月份干旱影响较大,加剧了塔河流域的水资源短缺问题。

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