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榆林地区与关中平原清代旱灾对比研究

DOI: 10.13577/j.jnd.2015.0415, PP. 120-127

Keywords: 榆林和关中地区,清代,旱灾频次与等级,气候事件,旱灾成因

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Abstract:

通过对榆林地区和关中平原清代(1644-1911年)历史资料的搜集和整理,对这两个地区旱灾进行了研究和对比。结果表明,在清代的268年里,榆林地区发生旱灾66次,平均每4.1年发生1次,其中轻度旱灾、中度旱灾、大旱灾和特大旱灾各发生22次、38次、4次和2次。关中平原发生旱灾89次,平均每3.0年发生1次,其中轻度旱灾、中度旱灾、大旱灾与特大旱灾分别为29次、41次、14次和5次。关中平原旱灾频次是榆林地区的1.3倍。榆林地区清代旱灾主要发生在秋季,关中地区的旱灾主要发生在夏季,两个地区清代旱灾均可分为两个阶段,早期为旱灾少发阶段,晚期为旱灾多发阶段。年平均降水量显著减少是造成这两个地区旱灾发生的主要原因。

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