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新疆阿舍勒VMS型铜锌矿床元素活化富集作用初步研究

DOI: 10.16539/j.ddgzyckx.2015.03.015, PP. 542-550

Keywords: 流体包裹体,矿石结构构造,活化富集,阿舍勒铜锌矿床

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Abstract:

新疆阿舍勒铜锌矿床位于阿尔泰增生型造山带南缘阿舍勒盆地内,受褶皱控制的透镜状矿体产于阿舍勒组地层中,矿体与围岩一起发生协和变形。成矿过程可分为两个成矿期:以条带状?块状矿石为代表的VMS成矿期和以脉状矿石为代表的热液成矿期。局部可见脉状矿石切穿条带状矿石,表明热液成矿期明显晚于VMS成矿期。大部分VMS成矿期矿石同生沉积特征保存较好。脉状矿石穿插条带状矿石时,会出现硫化物矿物颗粒变粗的现象,并伴随定向构造、压力影构造、碎裂结构、变斑晶结构、交代残余结构和港湾交代结构等现象。以上证据表明,后期变质变形导致矿石中局部硫化物品位提高。脉状矿石中的石英广泛发育流体包裹体,可分为水溶液包裹体(W型)、纯CO2包裹体(PC型)、CO2-H2O包裹体(C型)及含子矿物多相包裹体(S型)四类。显微测温表明,均一温度集中在220~280℃,流体盐度集中于4%~8%NaCleqv之间。激光拉曼结果证实,流体包裹体中普遍富含CO2,甚至出现少量纯液相和纯气相的CO2包裹体。脉状矿石成矿流体具有中温、低盐度和富CO2的特征,与造山型金矿的变质流体特征一致。联系区域构造演化历史,晚古生代洋陆俯冲背景有利于形成VMS型矿石,而印支期碰撞拼贴过程的变形?变质流体作用导致阿舍勒铜锌矿床进一步加富。因此,新疆阿舍勒铜锌矿可作为变质加富VMS型矿床的典例,区域上火山岩地层和褶皱复合部位是寻找此类矿床的理想靶区。

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