In this paper, we demonstrated a compact Si-SiO2 waveguide coupler with a footprint of only 2 μm × 3 μm by topology optimization in the communication wavelength. The transmission was increased from 30% to 100%, much higher than other methods. Besides, the optimized structure did not incorporate other dielectric materials, facilitating fabrications and applications.
References
[1]
Nagarajan, R., Joyner, C.H., Schneider, R.P., Bostak, J.S., Butrie, T., Dentai, A.G., Dominic, V.G., Evans, P.W., Kato, M., Kauffman, M. and Lambert, D.J. (2005) Large-Scale Photonic Integrated Circuits. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 11, 50-65. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2004.841721
[2]
Bergman, D.J. and Stockman, M.I. (2003) Surface Plasmon Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation: Quantum Generation of Coherent Surface Plasmons in Nanosystems. Physical Review Letters, 90, 027402.
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.027402
[3]
Assefa, S., Xia, F. and Vlasov, Y.A. (2010) Reinventing Germanium Avalanche Photodetector for Nanophotonic On-Chip Optical Interconnects. Nature, 464, 80-84. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08813
[4]
Chen, L., Xu, Q., Wood, M.G. and Reano, R.M. (2014) Hybrid Silicon and Lithium Niobate Electro-Optical Ring Modulator. Optica, 1, 112-118.
https://doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.1.000112
[5]
Hafezi, M., Mittal, S., Fan, J., Migdall, A. and Taylor, J.M. (2013) Imaging Topological Edge States in Silicon Photonics. Nature Photonics, 7, 1001-1005.
https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2013.274
[6]
Chrostowski, L. and Hochberg, M. (2015) Silicon Photonics Design: From Devices to Systems. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316084168
[7]
Arakawa, Y., Nakamura, T., Urino, Y. and Fujita, T. (2013) Silicon Photonics for Next Generation System Integration Platform. IEEE Communications Magazine, 51, 72-77. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2013.6476868
[8]
Oulton, R.F., Sorger, V.J., Genov, D.A., Pile, D.F.P. and Zhang, X. (2008) A Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguide for Subwavelength Confinement and Long-Range Propagation. Nature Photonics, 2, 496-500. https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2008.131
[9]
Smith, D.R., Pendry, J.B. and Wiltshire, M.C. (2004) Metamaterials and Negative Refractive Index. Science, 305, 788-792. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1096796
