Chitosan is one of the most studied polysaccharides
nowadays. Because it is non-toxic, widely used in food, pharmaceutical
processes, agricultural, and presents excellent biological properties such as
biodegradation in the human body, and antibacterial. In the present study we
reported the extraction of low cost chitosans (Cs1, Cs2, Cs3 and Cs4) from shrimp shells by
extraction of chitin (Egypt: case study), then alkaline deacetylation of
chitin with strong alkaline solution at different period of time. The different
prepared chitosans (Cs1, Cs2, Cs3 and Cs4) were characterized by FTIR
spectroscopy, thermal stability, morphology, crystallography, elemental
analysis and degree of deacetylation. The data showed that the prepared
chitosan Cs2 has the most thermal stability and the highest degree of
deacetylation.
References
[1]
Minke, R. and Blackwell, J. (1978) The Structure of α-Chitin. Journal of Molecular Biology, 120, 167-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2836(78)90063-3
[2]
Austin, P.E., Castle, J.E. and Albisetti, C.J. (1989) β-Chitin from Squid: New Solvents and Plasticizers. In: Skjak-Braek, G., Anthonsen, T. and Sandford, P., Eds., Chitin and Chitosan, Elsevier, Essex, 749.
[3]
Synowiecki, J. and Al-Khateeb, N.A. (2003) Production, Properties, and Some New Applications of Chitin and Its Derivatives. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 43, 145-171. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408690390826473
[4]
Jayakumar, R., Prabaharan, M., Reis, R.L. and Mano, J.F. (2005) Graft Copolymerized Chitosan Present Status and Applications. Carbohydrate Polymers, 62, 142-158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2005.07.017
[5]
Kifune, K. (1992) Clinical Application of Chitin Artificial Skin (Beschitin W). In: Brine, C.J., Sanford, P.A. and Zikakis, J.P., Eds., Advances in Chitin and Chitosan, Elsevier, Essex, England, 9.
[6]
Kawamura, Y., Mitsuhashi, M., Tanibe, H. and Yoshida, H. (1993) Adsorption of Metal Ions on Polyaminated Highly Porous Chitosan Chelating Resin. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 32, 386-391.
https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00014a015
[7]
Ravi Kumar, M.N.V. (2000) A Review of Chitin and Chitosan Applications. Reactive and Functional Polymers, 46, 1-27.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1381-5148(00)00038-9
[8]
Sashiwa, H. and Aiba, S. (2004) Chemically Modified Chitin and Chitosan as Biomaterials. Progress in Polymer Science, 29, 887-908.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2004.04.001
[9]
Kandile, N.G. and Nasr, A.S. (2011) Hydrogels Based on Three Component System with Potential for Leaching Metals. Journal of Carbohydrate Polymers, 85, 120-128.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.02.004
[10]
Shahidi, F. and Abuzaytoun, R. (2005) Chitin, Chitosan, and Co-Products: Chemistry, Production, Applications, and Health Effects. Advances in Food and Nutrition Research, 49, 93-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1043-4526(05)49003-8
[11]
Abdou, E.S., Nagy, K.S.A. and Elsabee, M.Z. (2008) Extraction and Characterization of Chitin and Chitosan from Local Sources. Bioresource Technology, 99, 1359-1367.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.01.051
[12]
Goy, R.C., De Britto, D. and Assis, O.B. (2009) A Review of the Antimicrobial Activity of Chitosan. Polímeros, 19, 241-247.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-14282009000300013
[13]
Kanatt, S.R., Rao, M.S., Chawla, S.P. and Sharma, A. (2013) Effects of Chitosan Coating on Shelf-Life of Ready-to-Cook Meat Products during Chilled Storage. LWT—Food Science and Technology, 53, 321-326.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2013.01.019
[14]
Kasaai, M.R., Arul, J. and Charlet, G. (2000) Intrinsic Viscosity-Molecular Weight Relationship for Chitosan. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 38, 2591-2598. https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-0488(20001001)38:19 <2591::AID-POLB110>3.0.CO;2-6
