高考模式下科学素养培养的困境与思考——基于江苏高考改革实践的思考

摘要 科学素养是国家实施创新驱动发展战略的基础，是国家综合国力的体现，基础教育阶段的科学教育是培养和提升公民科学素养的主要渠道，而高考则对基础教育有着强大的导向性作用。现行高考模式下存在的功利化倾向造成了部分理科科目报考人数下降以及科学类课程的"边缘化"。通过坚守育人为本的教育原则，建立并完善高校招生考试制度，改革高校招生录取体制，以及试点真正意义上的高校自主招生等方式，可为科学素养的培养建立积极的导向，为高考改革提供决策参考。
Abstract：Scientific literacy, a reflection of national overall strength, is essential for the national implementation of innovation for development. K-12 science education is a main channel to develop scientific literacy, and the college entrance examination (CEE)has a guiding effecton K-12 education. Based on the practice of CEE in Jiangsu province, this article analyzes the utilitarian tendency in the current CEE model, which causes the decreased number of applicants in science subjects, making science courses "marginalized". It then argues that a scientific and fair system of examination and enrollment should be established, including granting colleges and universities the autonomy in enrollment,updating the concept of education and teaching and improving evaluation mechanism. This will help promote the development of scientific literacy and offer some policy implications for the CEE reform.