实施学前一年免费教育的“三步走”战略——教育经费需求的视角

摘要 在实施学前一年免费的假设前提下，本文提出了推进学前一年免费的"三步走"战略：2020年中西部农村地区率先实施学前一年免费教育；2025年在中西部和东部农村地区实施学前一年免费教育；2030年实现全国学前一年免费教育全覆盖。同时，根据对不同年度、不同地区分城镇、乡村学前教育学龄人口规模的测算结果，对不同阶段学前一年免费教育所需的财政教育需求进行测算。结果显示：2020年、2025年和2030年全国幼儿园财政性教育事业费需求最低分别为2910亿元、4535亿元和5000亿元，比不实施免费政策约需多投入89亿元、352亿元和809亿元。
Abstract：Based on the assumption of integrating pre-school year education into compulsory education,the paper proposes a three-step strategy to implement this policy. First, the rural areas in the central and western China will take the lead in implementing pre-school compulsory education in 2020. Second, in 2025, midwest regions and rural areas in eastern China will include pre-school year education into compulsory education. And third, pre-school compulsory education will be achieved all over China in 2030. Meanwhile, drawing on the measured results of urban and rural school-age population of preschool education in different provinces in different years,we measure the required educational fund in achieving pre-school year compulsory education at different phrases. The results show that educational fund needed in China will be 276.6 billion yuan, 390.5 billion yuan and 440.2 billion yuan respectively in the three years respectively. Given the implementation of this policy, the educational fund we need will be increased by 10 billion yuan,27 billion yuan and 88 billion yuan respectively.