环境介质中有机污染物浓度时间变化滞后现象及其影响因素初探

摘要 选择131种有机物，通过构建EQC（EQuilibrium Criterion）标准环境的四级多介质模型，得出四种排放场景下，环境介质中有机物浓度的时间变化特征.在大多数情况下，环境介质内有机物浓度的时间变化出现滞后，lgKOW和持久性高的有机物浓度变化滞后最明显.相关分析表明，持久性为水相、大气相和土壤相中滞后时间的主要影响因素，lgKOW和持久性为沉积物相中的主要影响因素.通过回归分析，得到了滞后时间的预测公式.若沉积物相属于有机物的"汇"，则其中有机物浓度变化会产生明显的滞后.上述研究结果为了解环境中有机物的迁移转化规律提供了理论依据.
Abstract：131 organic chemicals were used, and a level IV EQuilibrium Criterion (EQC) multimedia model was built. The model was applied to simulate temporal trends of organic chemical concentrations in environmental media using four emission scenarios. Results showed that temporal trends of organic chemical concentrations lagged behind their emissions in most cases, and organic chemicals with higher lgKOW and persistence showed the most obvious lag effect. Correlation analysis showed that persistence was the principal factor influencing the lag time in water, air, and soil; and lgKOW and persistence were the principal factors in sediment. Prediction formulas for lag time were obtained by regression analysis. If the sediment was a sink of organic chemicals, the lag effect would be distinct.The study can be employed to illustrate the theoretical transfer and transformation of organic chemicals in an environmental system.