基于区块链的智能电表身份认证方案

摘要 能源互联网是未来发展的趋势，能够实现电力资源在用户和能源系统中的双向流通.智能电表作为连接用户和能源系统的关键点，具有用户身份信息和大量有效的电力交易数据，而这些信息会造成用户隐私泄露.为保护用户隐私，提出了基于区块链的智能电表身份认证方案，利用Merkle树原理对智能电表身份信息进行处理并存储在区块链中，实现智能电表身份有效认证的同时，使智能电表身份信息具有不可篡改性，并破坏了用户身份和电力数据之间的可关联性，能够有效抵御内部和外部攻击者获取用户隐私.通过利用区块链的自身特性，保证了交易数据的完整性和有效性.
Abstract：The development of power networks is a trend of the future. These networks allow the two-way flow of power resources between users and power systems. As the key node for connecting users and energy systems, smart meters contain a large volume of user's power transaction data and identity information, which leaves the potential for a breach of private user data. To protect the privacy of the user, an identity authentication scheme for smart meters, based on blockchain technology, is proposed. The smart meter's identity information is processed using the Merkle-tree principle and stored in the blockchain; with this, the authentication of the smart meter's identity is realized and the identity information cannot be modified. Additionally, it breaks the connection between the user's identity and their power data, preventing internal and external hackers from obtaining private user data. The integrity and validity of the transaction data are guaranteed by using the characteristics of blockchain technology.