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- 2018
静电纺丝技术在锂-空气电池上的应用
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Abstract:
摘要 近年来，锂-空气电池由于具有极高的理论容量和对环境友好等优势，作为“终极电池”引起了广大科研工作者和电动汽车公司的极大兴趣和广泛关注. 但目前锂-空气电池还存在着充放电过电位大、循环性能差等局限性，寻找高效的锂-空气电池催化剂成为该领域发展的研究热点之一. 锂-空气电池阴极催化剂主要有贵金属、非贵金属、碳材料以及金属氧化物等，可通过多种方法合成制备，如水热(溶剂热)法、溶胶-凝胶法、共沉淀法、静电纺丝法等等. 其中，静电纺丝技术由于具有制备方法简易、高效且产量高等优点，近年来得到了长足的发展，可以用来大量制备锂-空气电池阴极催化剂，甚至制备自支撑结构的锂-空气电池阴极催化剂材料. 本文综述了静电纺丝技术在锂-空气电池上的应用，主要包括利用静电纺丝技术制备非贵金属催化剂、碳材料催化剂、金属氧化物催化剂和复合催化剂等，以及将制备的催化剂组装成锂-空气电池后表现出的优异的电池性能.
Lithium-air batteries have received increasing attention as the “ultimate batteries” due to their extremely high theoretical capacity and environment friendly. However, there are still many obstacles hindering the wide applications of the lithium-air batteries owing to the limitations of large charge-discharge over-potentials, poor Columbic efficiency and cycling performance. Exploring of high-efficiency, low-cost and eco-friendly catalysts is one of the vital issues for lithium-air batteries. Meanwhile, electrospinning techniques have been under substantial developments due to its simple fabrication process, high efficiency and production. This paper reviews the recent progresses in fabrications of various novel catalysts for lithium-air batteries with electrospinning techniques, which mainly focuses on the non-precious metals catalysts, carbon-based catalysts, metal oxides catalysts and their hybrid composites
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