自走式四圆锯割灌机的设计

在分析和研究国内外割灌机以及灌木生长特性的基础上,设计了一种适应我国国情的自走式四圆锯割灌机,为我国灌木资源的有效利用提供技术支持。在对内蒙古、西藏和新疆等地区进行实地考察的基础上,确定了自走式四圆锯割灌机的设计方案,运用三维软件完成自走式四圆锯割灌机整体结构及关键零部件设计。首先介绍了整机的结构与工作原理,由于灌木切口的质量会直接影响灌木的再次生长,因此,主要分析了锯切所需的锯切力、进给速度、主轴功率等影响切削质量的关键要素,阐述了关键机构的设计原理与具体结构:支撑调节机构和拨挡机构。最后对样机进行了试验验证,试验结果证明:割灌机的切割质量可达预期设计效果,支撑调节机构可以调节灌木的伐根高度5 cm; 拨挡机构可以实现被割倒的灌木朝同一方向倾倒,便于灌木的收集清理。该机器的设计符合预期设计要求。
In this paper, based on the literature review and analysis of brush cutter and shrub growth characteristics both for the domestic and oversea industries, a self-propelled brush cutter with four circular saws was designed to adapt to the national conditions of China, to provide technical support for the effective use of shrub resources. Based on field inspections in Inner Mongolia, Tibet, Xinjiang and other regions in China, the self-propelled four circular saw brush cutter design scheme was proposed, and the overall structure and key parts design of the self-propelled four circular saw brush cutter were conducted by using three-dimensional software. The self-propelled four circle saw brush cutter mainly consists of key components such as support adjustment mechanism, shift mechanism, cutting mechanism and chassis. The parameters of designed self-propelled four circle saw brush cutter had a dimension of 1 400 mm in length, 1 000 mm in width and 720 mm in height, working speed of 3-5 km/h, turning radius of 500 mm, artificial shrub with cutting diameter of 15-25 mm, cutting root height of 50 mm, saw blade thickness of 2.2 mm, cutting edge width of 3.2 mm, inner diameter of 25.4 mm, hole diameter of 25.4 mm, saw spindle speed of 2 600 r/min and feed rate of 240 mm/min. The structure and working principle of the whole machine was introduced firstly. As the quality of the incision could directly affect the regrowth of shrubs, the key factors that affect the cutting quality were analyzed, such as sawing force, feeding speed and spindle power. The design principle and concrete structure(support and adjustment mechanism, and shift mechanism)of the key mechanism were described. Finally, the prototype was tested and verified. The test results showed that the cutting quality of the brush cutter reached the expected design targets. Support adjustment mechanism can adjust3-5 cmcutting height of the shrub. The shift mechanism can dump the shrubs in the same direction to facilitate the collection and clearing of shrubs. The design of the machine meets the expected design requirements