夏热冬暖地区变电站建筑外遮阳的双目标优化
Double objective optimization analysis of external sunshade of a substation in hot-summer and warm-winter area

变电站建筑不仅要满足精密设备的运行要求，还要满足人员的工作使用要求，其外遮阳的设计要兼顾节能和室内自然采光的要求。以夏热冬暖地区某典型变电站建筑的主控通信楼为例，采用相关能耗和采光模拟软件，模拟分析该建筑在不同遮阳设施工况下建筑能耗和室内采光的变化，以建筑节能率和采光系数标准值为评价指标，得出其尺寸设计的适宜范围，明确此类建筑外遮阳的尺寸设计应采用节能与自然采光双目标优化的方法，改变以外遮阳系数为单一评价参数的方式。
The main control building of the substation is not only to meet the operational requirements of precision equipment, but also to meet the working requirements of personnel. The design of external shading should take into account the requirements of energy saving and daylight. In this study, a typical substation building as an example in the hot-summer and warm-winter area was chosen. The change of indoor light environment and energy consumption of this building in different shading facilities were simulated and analyzed by using energy and lighting simulation software. And the suitable range of size of the shading facilities were obtained by taking the building energy efficiency and lighting coefficient standard value as evaluation index. Finally, it is clear that the size design of the external shading of this kind of building should adopt the method of double goals optimization of energy saving and natural lighting, to change the way that outside shading coefficient as a single evaluation parameter.