信任和收入对农户参与村域环境治理的影响
Effect of Trust and Income on Farmers’ Participation in Rural Environmental Governance

农户是农村环境问题的制造者，同时也是直接的利益相关者，农户参与农村环境治理有天然的合理性和必要性，信任和收入是影响农户参与意愿和参与方式的重要因素。利用对陕西省474户农户的入户调研的微观数据，采用Heckprobit模型，实证分析了信任与收入对农户参与村域环境治理的影响。研究发现，信任对农户环境治理参与意愿有显著的积极作用，即信任水平越高，参与意愿越高，但对参与方式没有显著作用；农户人均年收入对参与方式有显著的积极作用，收入越高，越倾向于以投资的方式参与供给；信任与收入水平对参与意愿和参与方式的交互影响均不显著；家庭人口对参与意愿有显著的积极影响，而对参与方式有显著的消极影响；年龄对参与意愿有显著的消极影响，而对参与方式没有显著影响；环境认知水平对参与环境治理意愿有显著的积极影响。为此提出，政府在农村公共环境管理制度制定过程中，应更重视农户的主体作用；继续引导农民创收，提高农民收入水平；重视农村社区以信任为代表的社会资本的培育，以提升农户的信任水平和对环境治理的参与意愿及贡献度。
Farmers are the makers of environmental problems in rural areas, but also the direct stakeholders, so farmers' participation in rural environmental governance is naturally rational and necessary. Based on the data of 474 households, this paper analyzed the effect of trust and income on the farmers’ willingness and model to participate in the rural environmental governance. The Heckprobit model was adopted. We find that trust has a significant positive influence on the willingness of participation, while income has a significant positive influence on the model of participation. The interaction effects of trust and income are insignificant on both willingness and model of participation. Besides, demographic factors, age and environment perception impose different effects on willingness and model of participation significantly. The government should pay attention to the role of individuals, attach importance to the trust and environmental cognition, and enhance the level of income of household when design the policy system of rural environmental governance.