基于紫外图像的隧道岩体样本节理裂隙二维面积及三维体积估计？？
2D area and 3D volume estimation for rock fractures of Joint fracture of rock mass in tunnel by using ultraviolet images

通过对隧道施工断面的岩体裂隙发育程度的量化测量，实现对隧道断面内部岩体的节理裂隙量化评价，对隧道施工安全和维护进行决策支持；结合计算机图像处理技术，提出了一种基于紫外图像的施工样本岩体裂隙测量的方法。采用该方法对获取的施工岩体节理裂隙样本浇灌环氧树脂液体，并将其做成固定厚度(18 mm)的切片，建立岩体节理裂隙特征模型，使用最佳匹配搜索特征方法自动确定节理裂隙区域，利用紫外线光对切片进行照射并获取样本岩体裂隙的紫外图像；最后通过图像处理技术对样本裂隙图像进行处理，对施工岩体样本的节理裂隙二维面积和三维体积精确估计。对19个岩体样本（100多幅紫外图像和100多幅可见光图像）进行采样试验，并进行数据分析。研究结果表明：该算法的准确度和事实性达到预期；该方法可以通过对岩体样本细微的节理裂隙密度和孔隙度的计算估计，实现对节理裂隙二维面积和三维体积的有效测量；通过测量估计节理裂隙的相关信息，获取较为精确的岩体样本节理裂隙的面积和体积。该方法可应用于各类公路及铁路隧道施工中的施工面岩体节理裂隙检测与测量，有助于工程技术人员选择安全合理的施工方案。
In order to provide decision supports for the safety and maintenance of the tunnel construction, a quantitative measurement of the degree of fracture development in the rock mass in a tunnel construction section, the joint fractures of the rock mass were quantized. The construction sample based on UV images was used in combination with the computer image processing technology. Epoxy resin liquid was poure in joint fracture samples from the rock mass， and made into a slice of fixed thickness (18 mm). The characteristic model of the rock joint fracture was then established, and the best matching characteristic search method was used to automatically determine the joint fissure. UV rays were then used to irradiate the slices and the UV images of the fracture on the rock mass were obtained. Finally, image processing technique was used on the sample crack images, thus generating the accurate estimation of the two？？dimensional area and three？？dimensional volume of the joint fracture in the rock mass samples. Through sampling experiments on 19 rock samples (more than 100 ultraviolet and visible images each), the accuracy and facticity of the algorithm was determined by analyzing the data. The results show that this method can be used to calculate and estimate the two？？dimensional area and three？？dimensional volume of joints fractures in rock samples through density and porosity calculation. This method can be applied to the detection and measurement of joints and fissures in rock masses on the construction surfaces of various highway and railway tunnels. It is also helpful for engineers to select a safe and reasonable construction scheme to ensure the smooth and safe implementation of bridge, tunnel, and road construction. 9 figs, 25 refs