Currently,
fossil fuels such as oil, coal and natural gas represent the prime energy
sources in the world. However, it is anticipated that these sources of energy
will deplete within the next 40 - 50years.
Moreover, the expected environmental damages such as the global warming, acid
rain and urban smog due to the production of
emissions from these sources have tempted the world to try to reduce
carbon emissions by 80% and shift towards utilizing a variety of renewable
energy resources (RES) which are less environmentally harmful such as solar,
wind, biomass, etc. in a sustainable way. Biomass is one of the earliest sources of energy with very specific properties.In this review, we present the different cogeneration systems to provide electrical power and
heating for isolated communities. It has been found that the steam turbine
process is the most relevant for biomass cogeneration plants for its high
efficiency and technological maturity. The future of CHP plants depends upon
the development of the markets for fossil fuels and on policy decisions
regarding the biomass market.
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