一种单相光伏并网逆变器软件锁相环的设计与实现
Design and Implementation of a Software Phase-Locked Loop for Single-Phase PV Grid-Connected Inverter

DOI: 10.12677/OJCS.2019.82002, PP. 5-15

Keywords: 软件锁相环，数学模型，并网逆变器，DSP
Software Phase-Locked Loop, Mathematical Model, PV Grid-Connected Inverter, DSP

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Abstract:

针对单相并网逆变器，基于传统的三相锁相环的闭环结构，文章提出了一种软件锁相环的实现方法。首先分析了锁相环的基本原理，推导了数学模型，在此基础上给出了该锁相环的软件设计方法。利用PSIM软件对电网电压幅值、频率和相位发生变化以及含高次谐波的影响做了仿真，结果表明该软件锁相环能有效、快速实现电网周期内任意时刻的锁相，不需等待电网过零点时刻的检测信号来锁相。分别采用TI公司的DSP TMS320F28035和TMS320F2808编程实现文中所提出软件锁相环的算法，并分别应用于500 W双通道单相光伏并网微逆变器和5 kW单相光伏并网逆变器中，结果表明所提出的软件锁相环能很好地实现电网电压相位的跟踪和频率的锁定，验证了所提出锁相环实现方法的正确性。
Based on the closed-loop structure of traditional three-phase Phase-Locked loop, a software phase-locked loop (PLL) is proposed for single-phase PV grid-connected inverter in this paper. The operation principle of the presented phase-locked loop is analyzed and its mathematical model is deduced. Also, the software implementation method of the phase-locked loop is presented. Then, the influence resulted from the change of amplitude, frequency and phase on the grid voltage is simulated by PSIM software. The results show that the proposed software phase-locked loop can effectively and quickly realize the phase tracking at any time in the cycle, without waiting for the zero-crossing signal of the grid. The software phase-locked loop proposed in this paper is respectively applied to DSP TMS320F28035 and TMS320F2808 which belong to 500 W dual-channel single-phase PV grid-connected micro-inverter and 5 kW single-phase PV grid-connected inverter respectively. The results show that the proposed software phase-locked loop can achieve the voltage phase tracking and frequency locking well, thus verifying the proposed control method for single phase-locked loop.

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