Stage-specific modulation of antimüllerian hormone promotes primate follicular development and oocyte maturation in the matrix-free three-dimensional culture - Fertility and Sterility

To study whether follicular growth and oocyte maturation can be improved by antimüllerian hormone (AMH) modulation at specific stages of follicular development. Primary and secondary follicles were cultured in a matrix-free system and were assigned to the control group and the group with AMH supplementation during the preantral stage and neutralizing AMH antibody addition during the antral stage. National primate research center. Adult, female rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). None. Follicle survival, growth, steroid and paracrine factor production, and oocyte competence were evaluated. Follicles were assessed for expression of genes that are critical for gonadotropin signaling, cumulus cell glycolysis, and oocyte quality. Primary follicles formed “organoids” and developed to the antral stage in group culture. AMH exposure during the preantral stage increased organoid diameters. Oocytes from the AMH-treated organoids had greater diameters and matured to the metaphase II (MII) stage. Secondary follicles developed to the antral stage during individual culture. The AMH exposure during the preantral stage and AMH antibody treatment during the antral stage increased follicle diameters, vascular endothelial growth factor and follistatin production, differentiation factor 9 expression, and oocyte diameters. The MII oocytes from the AMH-modulated group developed to the morula stage after IVF, with one to the blastocyst stage. AMH supplementation at the preantral stage and depletion at the antral stage enhanced primate follicular development and oocyte competence in vitro. The improved embryonic development supports in vitro follicle maturation as a potential approach for fertility preservation. La modulación estadío específica de la hormona antimulleriana promueve el desarrollo folicular y la maduración de los ovocitos en un cultivo tridimensional libre de matriz en primates Estudiar si el crecimiento folicular y la maduración ovocitaria pueden mejorar con la modulación de la hormona Antimülleriana (HAM) en estadios específicos del desarrollo folicular. Folículos primarios y secundarios fueron cultivados en un sistema libre de matriz, siendo asignados a un grupo control o a un grupo con suplementación de HAM durante la fase preantral y adición de anticuerpo inhibidor de HAM durante la fase antral. Centro Nacional de Investigación de Primates. Hembras adultas de Macacos Rhesus (Macaca mulatta). Ninguna. Se evaluó la supervivencia y crecimiento folicular, la producción de factores esteroideos y paracrinos, así como la competencia ovocitaria. Se estudió la