Multi-channel Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Video-on-Demand (VoD) systems can be categorized into independent-channel P2P VoD systems and correlated-channel P2P VoD systems. Streaming capacity for a channel is defined as the maximal streaming rate that can be received by every user of the channel. In this paper, we study the streaming capacity problem in multi-channel P2P VoD systems. In an independent-channel P2P VoD system, there is no resource correlation among channels. Therefore, we can find the average streaming capacity for the independent-channel P2P VoD system by finding the streaming capacity for each individual channel, respectively. We propose a distributed algorithm to solve the streaming capacity problem for a single channel in an independent-channel P2P VoD system. The average streaming capacity for a correlated-channel P2P VoD system depends on both the intra-channel and cross-channel resource allocation. To better utilize the cross-channel resources, we first optimize the server upload allocation among channels to maximize the average streaming capacity and then propose cross-channel helpers to enable cross-channel sharing of peer upload bandwidths. We demonstrate in the simulations that the correlated-channel P2P VoD systems with both intra-channel and cross-channel resource allocation can obtain a higher average streaming capacity compared to the independent-channel P2P VoD systems with only intra-channel resource allocation. 1. Introduction Video-on-demand (VoD) services have been attracting a lot of users because it allows users to watch any video at any time. Traditional client/server architectures for VoD services cannot provide video streams to a large number of concurrent users. To offload the server upload burden, Peer-to-Peer (P2P) technology has been integrated into VoD applications by utilizing the uplink bandwidths of the peers [1–5]. Most of the P2P VoD systems offer many video channels. Users can choose any of the channels that they are interested in at any time. The P2P VoD systems with multiple channels are called multi-channel P2P VoD systems. Depending on the resource correlation, multi-channel P2P VoD systems can be categorized into independent-channel P2P VoD systems and correlated-channel P2P VoD systems. In an independent-channel P2P VoD system, the peers watch the same channel form an independent overlay and share the resources with each other exclusively within the overlay. In a correlated-channel P2P VoD system, overlay formed by the peers watching channel can be correlated with overlay formed by the peers watching
References
[1]
J. Li, “PeerStreaming: an on-demand peer-to-peer media streaming solution based on a receiver-driven streaming protocol,” in Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP '05), pp. 1–4, November 2005.
[2]
H. Chi, Q. Zhang, J. Jia, and X. Shen, “Efficient search and scheduling in P2P-based media-on-demand streaming service,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 119–130, 2007.
[3]
S. Annapureddy, C. Gkantsidis, and P. Rodriguez, “Providing video-on-demand using peer-to-peer networks,” in Proceedings of the International Conference on World Wide Web, 2006.
[4]
C. Huang, J. Li, and K. W. Ross, “Peer-assisted VoD: making Internet video distribution cheap,” in Proceedings of the of IPTPS, 2007.
[5]
Y. Huang, T. Z. J. Fu, D. M. Chiu, J. C. S. Lui, and C. Huang, “Challenges, design and analysis of a large-scale p2p-vod system,” in Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM Conference on Data Communication (SIGCOMM '08), pp. 375–388, August 2008.
[6]
S. Sengupta, S. Liu, M. Chen, M. Chiang, J. Li, and P. A. Chou, “Streaming capacity in peer-to-peer networks with topology constraints,” Microsoft Research Technical Report, 2008.
[7]
S. Sengupta, S. Liu, M. Chen, M. Chiang, J. Li, and P. A. Chou, “Peer-to-peer streaming capacity,” IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, vol. 57, no. 8, pp. 5072–5087, 2011.
[8]
S. Liu, R. Zhang-Shen, W. Jiang, J. Rexford, and M. Chiang, “Performance bounds for Peer-assisted live streaming,” in Proceedings of the ACM SIGMETRICS International Conference on Measurement and Modeling of Computer Systems (SIGMETRICS '08), pp. 313–324, June 2008.
[9]
S. Liu, M. Chen, S. Sengupta, M. Chiang, J. Li, and P. A. Chou, “P2P streaming capacity under node degree bound,” in Proceedings of the 30th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS '10), pp. 587–598, June 2010.
[10]
Y. He and L. Guan, “Streaming capacity in P2P VoD systems,” in Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS '09), pp. 742–745, May 2009.
[11]
Y. He and L. Guan, “Improving the streaming capacity in P2P VoD systems with helpers,” in Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME '09), pp. 790–793, July 2009.
[12]
Y. He and L. Guan, “Solving streaming capacity problems in P2P VoD systems,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 20, no. 11, pp. 1638–1642, 2010.
[13]
Y. He, I. Lee, and L. Guan, “Distributed throughput maximization in P2P VoD applications,” IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 509–522, 2009.
[14]
J. Wang, C. Yeo, V. Prabhakaran, and K. Ramchandran, “On the role of helpers in peer-to-peer file download systems: design, analysis and simulation,” in Proceedings of the IPTPS, 2007.
[15]
P. Garbacki, D. Epema, J. Pouwelse, and M. van Steen, “Offloading servers with collaborative video on demand,” in Proceedings of the IPTPS, 2008.
[16]
C. Wu, B. Li, and S. Zhao, “Multi-channel live P2P streaming: refocusing on servers,” in Proceedings of the 27th IEEE Communications Society Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM '08), pp. 2029–2037, April 2008.
[17]
D. Wu, C. Liang, Y. Liu, and K. Ross, “View-upload decoupling: a redesign of multi-channel P2P video systems,” in Proceedings of the IEEE 28th Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM '09), pp. 2726–2730, April 2009.
[18]
D. Wu, Y. Liu, and K. W. Ross, “Queuing network models for multi-channel P2P live streaming systems,” in Proceedings of the IEEE 28th Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM '09), pp. 73–81, April 2009.
[19]
M. Wang, L. Xu, and B. Ramamurthy, “Linear programming models for multi-channel P2P streaming systems,” in Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM '10), 2010.
[20]
C. Zhao, X. Lin, and C. Wu, “The streaming capacity of sparsely-connected P2P systems with distributed control,” in Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM '11), pp. 1449–1457, 2011.
[21]
R. J. Vanderbei, Linear Programming: Foundations and Extensions, Springer, 2nd edition, 2001.
[22]
D. Palomar and M. Chiang, “A tutorial on decomposition methods and distributed network resource allocation,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 24, no. 8, pp. 1439–1451, 2006.
[23]
S. Boyd and L. Vandenberghe, Convex Optimization, Cambridge University Press, 2004.
[24]
D. P. Bertsekas, A. Nedic, and A. E. Ozdaglar, Convex Analysis and Optimization, Athena Scientific, 2003.
