Words of Retaliation and Retaliation Ways in the Homeric Epics

The article deals with the terms of retribution in the Homeric epics. Τ？νω and Bποτ？νω stand for ？to be punished“, ？to thank“, ？to redeem“, ？to respect“. Τ？νομαι and Bποτ？νομαι refer to ？to punish“, ？to thank“. Τ？σι？ denotes retribution. Τιμ？ implies compensation, honour, power. Λ？βη means offense. Ποιν？ stands for ？murder of an offender“, ？ransom“. Ποιν？ is the result of retaliation. Aποινα in the Homeric epics is a gift. Yβρι？ is violation of ε？νομ？η, cause of action for retaliation. Ενομ？η is a goal of retribution. The study focuses on the seven forms of vengeance: 1) ransom; 2) exile; 3) arrest; 4) blood vengeance; 5) god’s punishment; 6) the vengeance of a friend in a battle; 7) lower-class person punishment