Does growing up at high altitude pose a risk factor for type 2 diabetes?

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has developed into a serious and one of the largest global health problems. Whether growing up and/or living in high-altitude regions pose a risk factor for T2DM remains a matter of debate. A potential reason for the conflicting findings is the challenge of disentangling the role of hypoxia among a plethora of other factors (like age, sex, body mass, physical activity, diet, smoking, alcohol drinking, etc.)