Specific Strategies for Promotion of Physical Activity in Kids—Which Ones Work? A Systematic Review of the Literature

The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize and evaluate the impact of physical activity (PA) interventions that were implemented in specific school settings on children’s PA in those settings. Four research databases were searched to identify PA interventions. Of the 13 706 articles identified, 1352 abstracts were screened and 32 intervention studies were reviewed. Five intervention settings were identified (active travel, after school, classroom, physical education, and recess). Among these settings, a greater proportion of positive findings (ie, significant increase in PA) were found in the classroom (75%) and active travel (67%) settings. Additionally, a higher proportion of interventions implemented in these settings were of high methodological quality (active travel [33%] and classroom [33%]). These findings indicate that interventions in active travel and classrooms settings positively influence youth PA. Importantly, as evidenced in this review, evaluating intervention effects in the targeted setting may provide unique information for future researchers to consider when developing school-based multicomponent PA interventions