Canadian Urological Association Best Practice Report: Diagnosis and management of radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis

A comprehensive review of studies examining radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis was performed using PubMed, Medline, and the Cochrane Library database. The bibliographies of relevant articles were searched to avoid exclusion of meaningful articles. Where available, focus was given to systematic reviews and comparative studies; however, due to a lack of high-quality evidence, case series were included and made up the majority of articles included. All articles were reviewed using the evidence-based medicine levels, with a modified Oxford grading system for recommendations