Behaviour changes in an adult with Down syndrome

Adults with Down syndrome are at increased risk of depression, hypothyroidism, and Alzheimer dementia (AD) as they age, all of which can cause behaviour changes. Basal ganglia calcification (BGC), similar to that seen in the rare condition of primary familial brain calcification (PFBC), is not uncommon in people who have Down syndrome and might be present throughout the life span. In an adult with Down syndrome who has behaviour changes, it is important to fully assess medical concerns common to adults with this condition that could affect behaviour, and to avoid premature investigation of rare conditions