Metformin in patients with and without diabetes: a paradigm shift in cardiovascular disease management

Beneficial pleiotropic effects of metformin on cardiovascular and the potential mechanisms. SREBP sterol regulatory element-binding proteins, ABCA1 ATP-binding cassette transporter A1, AMPK AMP-activated protein kinase, NO nitric oxide, ER endoplasmic reticulum, HDL high-density lipoprotei