ADRB2 polymorphism Arg16Gly modifies the natural outcome of heart failure and dictates therapeutic response to β-blockers in patients with heart failure

At study termination on July 2015 in the first discovery stage, 2615 patients with HF had been screened for eligibility to be included in the study in three centers in China and 2403 patients were finally enrolled and genotyped. Of these patients, 149 (5.7%) were excluded for repeat admittance, and 63 (2.4%) were excluded because valvular heart disease was considered the main reason for HF. Of the study participants, 17 were lost from follow-up because incorrect contact information had been provided on enrollment. Of the 2386 patients included in the outcome analysis: all were included in the analysis of the prognostic utility of the ADRB2 Arg16Gly, ADRB2 Gln27Glu, and GRK5 Arg304His variants; 2377 patients were included in the analysis of the prognostic utility of the ADRB1 Arg389Gly variants; and 2384 patients were included in the analysis of the prognostic utility of the GRK5 Gln41Leu variant