The TLR4 agonist adjuvant SLA-SE promotes functional mucosal antibodies against a parenterally delivered ETEC vaccine

SLA-SE augments mucosal antibody responses against a parenterally delivered vaccine antigen CfaEB. BALB/c (n？=？5 per group, per experiment) were immunized twice on Days 0 and 21 via intramuscular immunization with CfaEB +/？ SLA-SE and/or dmLT. Intestinal wash samples were collected on Day 35 and assessed for CfaEB-specific IgG (a), IgG1 (b), IgG2a (c), or IgA (d) by ELISA and log10 transformed. e Functional anti-CFA/I antibody titers from the intestinal wash samples were determined by HAI with human red blood cells using ETEC strain {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"H10407","term_id":"875229","term_text":"H10407"}}H10407. Horizontal bars are drawn at the mean. The lower limit of detection (LOD) is indicated by the dashed line. Data pooled from two experiments indicated with open and closed symbols, respectively, with similar results. *, **, ***, and **** indicate P？<？0.05, 0.01, 0.001, and 0.0001, respectively, as determined by one-way ANOVA using Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. All other pairwise comparisons between the groups were not significantly differen