Advances in biomimetic stimuli responsive soft grippers

Biomimetic soft gripping robots composed of stimuli responsive hydrogels, polymer, or hybrid combination of them. a N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM)-modulated thermal responsive bigel stripped grippers (reproduced with permission [17]. Copyright 1995, AAAS). b Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-acrylic acid)(pNIPAM-AAc) soft gripper that reversibly actuates when triggered by temperature or pH (reproduced with permission [13]. Copyright 2014, IOP Publishing). c Thermally responsive self-folding bilayer soft gripper that closes and opens reversibly when passing by LCST at 36 °C (reproduced with permission [9]. Copyright 2015 American Chemical Society). d Reversible four-state shape changes of soft grippers during heating and cooling proces