Supplying a pharmacy for NASA exploration spaceflight: challenges and current understanding

Reported use of medication per crewmember during ISS Expeditions 1–20, 21–40, and during the experimental Dose Tracker trial.2,3 Expeditions 1–20 had minimal requirements regarding reporting of medication use and relied on crewmember volunteering of data; Expeditions 21–40 provided slightly more guidance for flight surgeons in soliciting medication use information during Private Medical Conferences, but relied on crewmember recall. The Dose Tracker experiment employed medication-tracking technology that prompted crewmembers to report usage data, side effects, effectiveness, and symptom relief for each use of medication during flight. The experiment demonstrated the extensive amount of drug-use data lost by traditional medication use tracking. CM crewmember