Effects of industrial heat treatments on the kinetics of inactivation of antimicrobial bovine milk xanthine oxidase

Xanthine oxidase (XO) and xanthine dehydrogenase (XD) catalyzes two step reaction. Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) exists in two interconvertible forms, NAD+-dependent dehydrogenase, (XDH), and oxygen-dependent oxidase (XO). XDH favors the cofactor NAD+ as its primary electron acceptor, yet XO is unable to bind NAD+ and uses O2 as its electron acceptor. Both forms catalyze the conversion of hypoxanthine into xanthine and then further into uric acid (UA). The figure is adapted with permission from ref. 8, copyright (Elsevier, 2003