Cost Effectiveness of Long-Term Incobotulinumtoxin-A Treatment in the Management of Post-stroke Spasticity of the Upper Limb from the Australian Payer Perspective

Model structure showing Markov health states in the management of PSS-UL. Shaded boxes represent the Markov health states in which patients reside from one Markov cycle to the next. Dashed outline boxes represent the possible transitions between health states at each Markov cycle. a The dichotomy of the four prior treatments is only applied in the comparator arm of the model. In the treatment arm of the model, all patients are allowed to continue to the next treatment cycle if they maintain a response. SoC standard of care, BONT-A botulinum neurotoxin-A, PSS-UL post-stroke spasticity of the upper lim