Effects of duodenal transection timing on clinical short-term outcomes of patients with laparoscopic spleen-preserving splenic hilar lymphadenectomy for advanced proximal gastric cancer

Representative images of laparoscopic total gastrectomy with duodenum transection and splenic lymph node dissection for advanced proximal gastric cancer. 1 Splenic lymph node dissection with “Huang’s three-step method.” 2 Pyloric lymph node dissection. 3 Duodenum was transected prior to dissection of the No.12 lymph nodes 4 Upper pancreatic lymph node was dissected. 5 Dissection of No.11 lymph node