Prediction of soil carbon levels in calcareous soils of Iran by mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to assess the predictive performance of midDRIFTS-PLSR models in quantifying total carbon (TC), total organic carbon (TOC), total inorganic carbon (TIC), total nitrogen (TN), hot water extractable carbon and nitrogen (CHWE, NHWE), pH, and the clay, silt, and sand content of soils. A total of 68 soil samples were taken across an agroecological region in southwest Iran, and analyzed in the laboratory using mid-DRIFTS-PLSR. midDRIFTS-PLSR calibration models were developed, and external validation was performed for each of the soil properties via an independent algorithm. The calibration and validation models allowed for a sufficient prediction of TC, TIC, and TOC with residual prediction deviations ≥3 and R2 values >0.9. The precise prediction ofcarbon fractions, such as TC, TIC, and TOC, in a rapid and inexpensive manner confirmed that midDRIFTS analysis was a rapid-throughput and cost-effective technique for monitoring soil carbon at the regional scale