Genetic diversity and variation of Huperzia serrata (Thunb. ex Murray) Trevis. population in Vietnam revealed by ISSR and SCoT markers

Abstract Genetic diversity and variation of four naturally distributed Huperzia serrata populations in Vietnam were analyzed based on the DNA fingerprint data obtained by ISSR and SCoT techniques separately and combined together. Both of ISSR and SCoT markers showed that the genetic diversity in Vietnam was relatively high at population and species level, except for the Hoang Lien population. The genetic diversity parameters of the Hoang Lien population were Nei’s gene diversity index (He) = 0.1436, Shannon index (I) = 0.2161, percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) = 45.45%; of the Bach Ma population, He = 0.21, I？=？0.33, PPB？=？71.97%; of the Ngoc Linh population, He = 0.20, I？=？0.31, PPB？=？74.24%; of the Bidoup population, He = 0.19, I？=？0.30, PPB？=？74.24%; and at species level in Vietnam, He = 0.23, I？=？0.36, PPB？=？100%. The genetic differentiation was high with a value of GST = 0.19 and the number of migrants was estimated through gene flow as Nm = 2.16 individuals per generation among populations. The results of analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that 28 and 72% of the total variation were among and within populations, respectively. The genetic diversity and genetic variation parameters of the investigated populations depended on the type of techniques used for DNA fingerprinting and also on the nature of each population. However, there was a high correlation and general trends among the obtained data sets when using ISSR, SCoT and the combination of these techniques